Unidad. III Aproximación al Texto

Actividad 1: Predicción, deducción, Skimming

1. Seleccione un texto que tenga una imagen. 

 Marine Mammal Program

The development, training, veterinary care, and research facility that supports today's Navy Marine Mammal Program is centered in the Biosciences Division of the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center Pacific (SSC Pacific) located in San Diego, California. However, the Navy's work with marine mammals has been going on for many years. It got its start in the late 1950s when the Navy began to study the unique attributes of marine mammals such as the hydrodynamics of the dolphin. By understanding how dolphins move in the water, perhaps the Navy could improve torpedo, ship, and submarine designs. Soon the Navy realized that dolphins would be valuable assistants to Navy divers working in the open ocean. Unlike human divers, dolphins are capable of making repeated deep dives without experiencing the bends or decompression sickness. They also found that dolphins and sea lions are highly reliable, adaptable, and trainable marine animals that could be conditioned to search for, detect, and mark the location of objects in the water.

In the early days of the program, various marine mammal species were considered including: killer whales, pilot whales, belugas (white whales), Steller sea lions, grey seals, and fur seals. Other animals were used in various studies pertaining to locating personnel from downed aircraft and creating effective shark deterrents to protect them until they could be rescued. As the animals were assessed for their capabilities, much about their basic biology was learned.

Today, bottlenose dolphins and California sea lions perform a number of important functions such as protecting ports and Navy assets from swimmer attack, locating and attaching recovery hardware to expensive exercise and training targets, and locating potentially dangerous sea mines.

Observe la imagen y conteste las siguientes preguntas:

De acuerdo al título y la imagen, ¿cuál cree usted que es el tópico que está a punto de leer?

Algo sobre los animales marinos.

¿Cuál es la idea general del texto?

Hablan sobre un programa de capacitación en la Marina con los mamíferos marinos, que tiene su inicio a finales de 1950 cuando la Armada comenzó a estudiar los atributos únicos de los mamíferos marinos, dicen que a  diferencia de los buceadores humanos, los delfines son capaces de hacer repetidas inmersiones profundas sin experimentar  enfermedad por descompresión. También descubrieron que los delfines y leones marinos son altamente confiables, adaptable y entrenables animal, es marinos.

¿Que palabras se repiten?

marine

mammal

dolphins

¿Que palabras se parecen al español?

Veterinary, submarine, Program, Centered, Systems,  Center, experiencing, decompression, adaptable, animals, species,

¿Cuales son las palabras en negrita, el titulo, subtitulo o gráficos que te ayudan a entender el texto?

Marine Mammal Program y La imagen presentadas al inicio del texto

¿De qué trata el texto? Lee el primer párrafo y el último o la ultimas ideas del último párrafo.

El programa de capacitación en la Marina con los mamíferos marinos ayuda realizar una serie de funciones importantes como la protección de los puertos y los activos de la Armada de los ataques y la localización de minas marinas potencialmente peligrosas.

Actividad 2: Scanning

1. Seleccione un texto  y escribe 4 preguntas puntuales sobre fechas, sitios, etc) (utiliza una biografía referente a algún autor de tu área de experticia))

Born: Feb. 11, 1847, Milan, Ohio, U.S.
Died: Oct. 18, 1931, West Orange, N.J.

Thomas Alva Edison was the quintessential American inventor. He began his career in 1863, in the adolescence of the telegraph industry, when virtually the only source of electricity was primitive batteries putting out a low-voltage current. Before he died, in 1931, he had played a critical role in introducing the modern age of electricity. From his laboratories and workshops emanated the phonograph, the carbon-button transmitter for the telephone speaker and microphone, the incandescent lamp, a revolutionary generator of unprecedented efficiency, the first commercial electric light and power system, an experimental electric railroad, and key elements of motion-picture apparatus, as well as a host of other inventions.

Edison experienced his finest hours at Menlo Park. While experimenting on an underwater cable for the automatic telegraph, he found that the electrical resistance and conductivity of carbon varied according to the pressure it was under. This was a major theoretical discovery, which enabled Edison to devise a "pressure relay" using carbon rather than the usual magnets to vary and balance electric currents. In February 1877 Edison began experiments designed to produce a pressure relay that would amplify and improve the audibility of the telephone, a device that Edison and others had studied but which Alexander Graham Bell was the first to patent, in 1876. By the end of 1877 Edison had developed the carbon-button transmitter that is still used in telephone speakers and microphones.

Actividad:

1. ¿Cuándo y dónde nació Thomas Alva Edison?

Thomas Alva Edison nació el 11 de febrero 1847, en Milan, Ohio, EE.UU.

2. ¿Quién Fue?

Thomas Alva Edison fue el inventor estadounidense por excelencia. Comenzó su carrera en 1863, en la adolescencia de la industria del telégrafo.

3. ¿Cuáles fueron sus inventos?

Desde sus laboratorios y talleres emanó el fonógrafo, el transmisor de carbono-botón del altavoz del teléfono y micrófono, la lámpara incandescente, un generador de eficiencia, la primera luz eléctrica comercial, unferrocarril eléctrico experimental, y los elementos clave de aparatos de imágenes en movimiento, así como una serie de otras invenciones.

4. ¿Cuándo y donde murió?

Murió el 18 de Octubre 1931, en West Orange, N.J.