Taller Unidad 3 y 4

Unidad 3

Técnicas de lectura: predicción, scanning y skimming

Seleccione un texto que tenga una imagen.

Organizational Structure

An organizational structure consists of activities such as task allocation, coordination and supervision, which are directed towards the achievement of organizational aims.[1] It can also be considered as the viewing glass or perspective through which individuals see their organization and its environment.[2]

Many organizations have hierarchical structures, but not all.[citation needed]

Organizations are a variant of clustered entities.[citation needed]

An organization can be structured in many different ways, depending on their objectives. The structure of an organization will determine the modes in which it operates and performs.

Organizational structure allows the expressed allocation of responsibilities for different functions and processes to different entities such as the branch, department, workgroup and individual.

Organizational structure affects organizational action in two big ways. First, it provides the foundation on which standard operating procedures and routines rest. Second, it determines which individuals get to participate in which decision-making processes, and thus to what extent their views shape the organization’s actions

Observe la imagen y conteste las siguientes preguntas.

De acuerdo al título y la imagen: ¿cuál cree usted que es el tópico que está a punto de leer?

Definir que esuna Estructura Organizativa.

¿Cuál es la idea general del texto?

Hablan sobre la definición de una Estructura Organizativa, dicen que esta se compone de actividades como la asignación de tareas, la coordinación y supervisión, que están dirigidos al logro de los objetivos de la organización.

¿Qué palabras se repiten?

Organizational, organization, organizations,

¿Qué palabras se parecen al español?

Organization, structure, consists, coordination, supervisión, different, responsibilities, operating

¿Cuáles son las palabras en negrita, el titulo, subtitulo o gráficos que te ayudan a entender el texto?

El titulo: Organizational Structure y la imagen

¿De qué trata el texto? Lee el primer párrafo y el último o la ultimas ideas del último párrafo.

Dan una definición de estructura Organizativa, dicen que una organización se puede estructurar de muchas maneras diferentes, que la Estructura de la Organización permite la asignación de responsabilidades para las diferentes funciones y procesos.

La Estructura de la Organización afecta a la acción organizacional en dos grandes maneras. En primer lugar, proporciona la base sobre la que los procedimientos operativos estándar y el resto de rutinas. En segundo lugar, se determina que los individuos llegar a participar en la toma de decisiones, por lo tanto en qué medida sus puntos de vista forma las acciones de la organización.

Unidad 4

Patrones de Organización de un Párrafo

A. Seleccione un texto relacionado con su área de experticia. Lea el texto y extraiga: Las definiciones y los marcadores de definición. 

Human Resources

Human resources is a term used to describe the individuals who make up the workforce of an organization, although it is also applied in labor economics to, for example, business sectors or even whole nations. Human resources is also the name of the function within an organization charged with the overall responsibility for implementing strategies and policies relating to the management of individuals (i.e. the human resources). This function title is often abbreviated to the initials "HR".

Human resources is a relatively modern management term, coined as early as the 1960s - when humanity took a shift as human rights came to a brighter light during the Vietnam Era. [1] The origins of the function arose in organizations that introduced 'welfare management' practices and also in those that adopted the principles of 'scientific management'. From these terms emerged a largely administrative management activity, coordinating a range of worker related processes and becoming known, in time, as the 'personnel function'. Human resources progressively became the more usual name for this function, in the first instance in the United States as well as multinational or international corporations, reflecting the adoption of a more quantitative as well as strategic approach to workforce management, demanded by corporate management to gain a competitive advantage, utilizing limited skilled and highly skilled workers

Marcadores de Definición

Definicioniones:

Los recursos humanos es un término usado para describir a los individuos.

Los recursos humanos es también el nombre de la función dentro de una organización encargada de la responsabilidad general de la aplicación de estrategias y políticas.

Los recursos humanos es un término relativamente moderno de gestión.

B. Seleccione otro texto relacionado con su área de experticia y extraiga las palabras de secuencia u ordenamiento del tiempo.

Henry Ford

Henry Ford was an inventor, philanthropist and successful American businessman. Ford was the founder of the still popular Ford Motor Company which had its first success with the Model T Ford car that was released in 1908. Henry Ford revolutionized the way cars were designed and built, introducing assembly line factories for producing mass amounts of vehicles that led to lower prices for consumers and an explosion in car ownership throughout the United States.

Henry Ford was born on July 30, 1863 in Dearborn, Michigan, United States, in what was then known as Springwells Township. Ford's parents were Irish immigrants and the family lived on a farm, with Henry Ford being the eldest of six children. The family had a comfortable upbringing on the farm with a decent income, but even as a young person, Ford believed there was too much work and not enough income living from the land.

"It was life on the farm that drove me into devising ways and means to better transportation. I was born on July 30, 1863, on a farm at Dearborn, Michigan, and my earliest recollection is that, considering the results, there was too much work on the place." Henry Ford Quote

Ford began his career as an apprentice machinist in 1879, then returned to his family farm in 1882 before starting work with the Westinghouse company to service their steam engines. Ford then went to work at the Edison Illuminating Company where he became chief engineer in 1893.

Henry Ford had always enjoyed mechanical things and was always trying to improve or create more useful machinery. In 1893 he created his first gasoline driven buggy or Quadricycle that was completely self propelled. He then started the Detroit Automobile Company with several other investors to improve on his design, but the company went bankrupt soon after. Ford then started the Henry Ford Company, which he also left, before eventually starting the Ford Motor Company in 1903.

The Ford Motor Company released the successful Model T car in 1908. Generally cars were built one at a time and were only accessible to the very wealthy, but Ford continued to improve the way the cars were manufactured. In 1913 the cars were being mass produced by one of the first moving assembly lines. In 1918, half of the total amount of cars in the United States were Model T's, 15 million cars were sold, and production of the Model T was finally stopped in 1927.

Ford also had interests in politics but was never successful as a politician, and unsuccessfully ran for Senate as a Democrat. He also had strong views on labor and how the workforce should be treated. He paid his workers more money for less working days and made the 5 day 40 hour working week a normal part of working life.

Henry Ford created the Ford Foundation in 1936 to promote human welfare through research grants, educational grants and development.

In 1947, at the age 83 Henry Ford died of a cerebral hemorrhage and was buried in the Ford Cemetery in Detroit.

Palabras de Secuencia

Marcadores de Tiempo

Idea general del párrafo

Hablan de la vida de Henry Ford que fue un hombre de negocios inventor, filántropo y exitoso. Ford fue el fundador de la todavía popular Ford Motor Company, que tuvo su primer éxito con el modelo de coche Ford T que se publicó en 1908. Henry Ford revolucionó la manera como los carros eran diseñados y construidos, la introducción de las fábricas de la línea de producción en cantidades masivas de vehículos que llevó a precios más bajos para los consumidores.